Question 4 The reading Andersen,M.J., Williamson, A.B., Fernando, P., Eades, S. & Redman, S. (2018) ‘”They took the land, now we’re fighting for a house”: Aboriginal perspectives about urban housing disadvantage’, Housing Studies , 33:4, 635-660 uses Aboriginal perspectives to understand why housing disadvantage is occurring in Western Sydney. From these perspectives, five (5) key reasons for housing disadvantage are identified

. They
are: racism, poverty, neighbourhood marginalisation, insufficient government response, and disempowerment
Using the reading, describe one-way Aboriginal Australians experience each reason for housing disadvantage.
Note: Do not simply copy/paste participants’ quotes. (5 marks).
Racism example (1 mark)
The people are faced with overt and explicit and sometimes subtler racism. More so, those who looked black or
mostly identified as aboriginal were discriminated by the housing agents. In most cases, they were told that
there were no properties available and at times submitting high numbers of applicants with no success. The
discrimination did not matter the income nor the work history.
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Poverty example (1 mark)
Poverty was a great inclination for housing disadvantages for urban aboriginal people. The western Sydney area
is comprised of low wage people who are sought to be very poor. Some of them survive on government
benefits. Consequently, they endure significant problems in consideration to affordability. Poverty even affected
the pragmatics of searching for a house. They were excluded due to due to high costs or effectively excluded
due to an inability to compete with other applicants earning higher incomes
Neighbourhood marginalisation example (1 mark)
The aboriginal Australians faced severe shortage of affordable houses due to parities of neighbourhood
marginalization. In essence, the aboriginal was denied housing on social grounds. When social houses were
available they were distributed with biases of living where the upper groups would put you. Therefore, most of
the aboriginal were pushed to live in deplorable neighbourhoods where no none wanted to live. Most of the
areas they were sent had problems with drugs, violence, graffiti, theft and racial tensions.
Insufficient government response example (1 mark)
Insufficient government response constituted institutionalized racism. The government was inactive to attend to
the unmet needs of the aboriginal people. Action of an insufficient scale to adequately address need. Existing
research has shown that negative opinions of and misunderstandings about the provision of state welfare to
Aboriginal people are widespread in the general population; in one NSW survey, over half of respondents
believed Aboriginal people were ‘treated over generously by the government’. Australian participants falsely
believed Aboriginal people received more social security benefits than non-Aboriginal people and one-third
believed that the government paid off Aboriginal people’s car loans.
Disempowerment example (1 mark)
The aboriginal people were left with little or no control at both individual and community levels due to
disempowerment at the individual and community levels. They were facing poverty, racism, and
marginalization. At the individual level, housing disadvantage and frequent upheaval were said to create
uncertainty and limit the extent to which individuals could control other aspects of their lives, including the
ability to complete higher education, seek or maintain employment and provide optimally for their children’s
needs